Analisis Komunikasi Krisis Dalam Situasi Darurat Bencana Banjir Bandang: Studi Kolaborasi BPBD dan Masyarakat Terdampak di Kecamatan Palembayan

Abstract

This This study analyzes crisis communication during a flash flood emergency in Palembayan District, Agam Regency, focusing on the collaboration between the Regional Disaster Management Agency (BPBD) and the affected community. Employing a qualitative approach based on Robert K. Yin’s case study method, data were collected through in-depth interviews with 9 informants, observation, and documentation; the data were analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model and validated through triangulation. The analytical framework utilizes Situational Crisis Communication Theory (SCCT) and Collaborative Governance. The results indicate that crisis communication unfolded in three phases: pre-disaster, emergency response, and post-disaster. During the emergency response phase, a total communication blackout occurred due to damaged telecommunications infrastructure; consequently, the BPBD and the community relied on direct communication and collaborative coordination—utilizing top-down, bottom-up, and horizontal patterns with community leaders and *jorong* (hamlet) heads serving as key communication bridges. Major obstacles included infrastructure damage, the community's psychological state, and data inconsistencies across agencies. Although communication effectiveness was not optimal, this collaboration facilitated smooth evacuation, victim search operations, and aid distribution. The study concludes that crisis communication in Palembayan remains reactive and heavily reliant on local actors; therefore, strengthening emergency communication systems, collaborative protocols, and the utilization of local wisdom is essential to enhance disaster preparedness.